UCLA Study Shows Head Injuries Can Alter Hundreds of Genes

 


U C L-A researchers recently revealed in a study that has just been published that head injuries can harm hundreds of brain genes in a way that makes people more likely to get a wide range of mental and neurological disorders. 


For the first time, the researchers found master genes that, according to them, control hundreds of other genes that are associated with a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, post-traumatic stress disorder, stroke, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, depression, schizophrenia, and others. 


Scientists may be able to target new pharmaceuticals to treat brain diseases with the knowledge of the master genes. In the long run, researchers may even be able to modify damaged genes in a new way to lower disease risk. This discovery may also aid in the identification of foods and chemical compounds that repair damaged genes to fight disease. 


Xia Yang, a senior author of the study and an associate professor of integrative biology and physiology at U C L-A, stated, "We believe these master genes are responsible for traumatic brain injury, adversely triggering changes in many other genes". 


A traumatic brain injury can damage the master genes, which can then damage other genes. Genes can turn into any of several different kinds of proteins


The study is published in the journal E Bio Medicine, which is published by Cell and The Lancet. Researchers hope to learn more about how brain trauma develops neurological disorders later in life


To determine whether a brain injury has occurred, they discovered gene-based tests. The tests could assist physicians in diagnosing mild traumatic brain injury and predicting Alzheimer's disease or other disorders


According to the findings of the study, more than 100 of the genes that underwent changes following the brain injury have human counterparts that have been linked to neurological and psychiatric disorders. According to the findings of the study, for instance, 16 of the genes that were affected in the rats have human analogues and are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the researchers discovered that four of the affected genes in the hippocampus and one in leukocytes are comparable to P T S D associated genes in humans. 


According to Yang, the study not only pointed to the genes that are affected by traumatic brain injury and are associated with serious disease, but it also may point to the genes that control metabolism, cell communication, and inflammation, making them potential targets for new treatments for brain disorders. 


Now, the researchers are looking into some of the master genes to see if changing them also changes a lot of other genes. The master genes would be even more appealing as potential treatment targets if this were the case. Additionally, they intend to investigate the phenomenon in traumatic brain injury patients.


Yang, G O M E Z P I N I L A, and colleagues found in a 2016 study that fructose can damage hundreds of genes and that the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid, or D H-A, appears to reverse the negative effects of fructose. F M O D, one of the genes discovered in that study, was also one of the master regulator genes discovered in the new study. 


According to G O M E Z P I N I L A, who is also a member of the U C L-A Brain Injury Research Center, more severe injuries can damage more genes, but not everyone with traumatic brain injuries develops the same diseases

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