The Secret of Motivation: How Neural Circuits Drive Hungry Individuals to Peak Performance

 


Success is not by chance. Perseverance is required to achieve your objective. But where does the drive originate? The neural circuit in the brain of fruit fly that enables them to perform at their best when searching for food has been identified by an international team of researchers led by scientists from the Technical University of Munich (T U M).


Fruit fly can move faster when they smell vinegar or fruit. They run until they are exhausted to get to the food. However, despite their efforts, they never reach their objective: The tiny fly is running around the laboratory set up at the T U M School of Life Sciences W E-I H-E N S T E-P H A-N while their upper bodies are fixed in place. 


They are turning a ball that is floating on an air cushion with their legs. Professor of Neurobiology Ilona C. G R U N W A-L D K-A D O W can tell how much effort the fruit fly is putting into finding food by the speed at which it turns. 


Our experiments demonstrate that individuals who are hungry continue to improve their performance, reaching speeds of up to nine meters per minute. When fruit flies are full, they give up much faster, the researcher writes. "This demonstrates that even simple organisms exhibit endurance and perseverance, attributes that were previously thought to be exclusive to humans and other higher organisms"


Success is not by chance. Perseverance is required to achieve your objective. But where does the drive originate? The neural circuit in the brain of fruit fly that enables them to perform at their best when searching for food has been identified by an international team of researchers led by scientists from the Technical University of Munich (T U M).


Fruit fly can move faster when they smell vinegar or fruit. They run until they are exhausted to get to the food. However, despite their efforts, they never reach their objective: The tiny fly is running around the laboratory set up at the T U M School of Life Sciences W E-I H-E N S T E-P H A-N while their upper bodies are fixed in place. 


They are turning a ball that is floating on an air cushion with their legs. Professor of Neurobiology Ilona C. G R U N W A-L D K-A D O W can tell how much effort the fruit fly is putting into finding food by the speed at which it turns. 


Our experiments demonstrate that individuals who are hungry continue to improve their performance, reaching speeds of up to nine meters per minute. When fruit flies are full, they give up much faster, the researcher writes. "This demonstrates that even simple organisms exhibit endurance and perseverance, attributes that were previously thought to be exclusive to humans and other higher organisms"


A Neural Circuit Controls Perseverance

G R U N W A-L D K A-D O-W has now identified a neural circuit in the brain of the small fly that controls this kind of perseverance, Professor for Computational Neuroscience at the Technical University of Munich and group leader at the Max-Planck-Institute for Brain Research in Frankfurt, and an international and interdisciplinary team of researchers. 


The fact that the researchers looked into fruit fly motivations was no accident. Compared to human brains, this fly brains contain a million times fewer nerve cells. The professor explains, "This makes it a lot easier to find out what an individual neuron does and how it does it". This enables us to comprehend the fundamentals of neural circuits, which also serve as the foundation for the operation of complex brains


The Power Of Neurons

The team used a variety of methods to find the neural circuit that drives motivation: To begin, a mathematical model was developed to mimic the interaction between internal and external stimuli, such as hunger and the smell of vinegar.


In the following step, T U M neuroscientists collaborated with colleagues in the United States and Great Britain to identify the network of interest in the fruit fly brain. Electron microscopy, in vivo imaging, and behavioral studies were used to accomplish this


The learning and memory center of the fly brain is where the relevant neural circuit is situated. The neurotransmitter dopamine, which is related to human noradrenaline, is responsible for its regulation. Dopamine boosts motivation by increasing the activity of the circuit; it makes people less willing to work hard.


"We assume that similar mechanisms decide whether to continue or stop because these neurotransmitters and the circuits that correspond to them are also found in the brains of mammals," the neurobiologist concludes. The researchers hope that, in the long run, their findings will assist in comprehending the reason why the brain's interaction of neurons and messenger substances, such as in addiction, becomes out of control

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